After O Pioneers! came The Song of the Lark (1915) and My Antonia (1918). O Pioneers! is Cather's second novel, and the first of her trilogy of Nebraska novels. Ahearn writes, "It was to this land and these people that her mind returned when she began writing novels." According to Amy Ahearn's biography of the writer, Cather "had trouble adjusting to her new life on the prairie: the all-encompassing land surrounded her, making her feel an 'erasure of personality."' The shock eventually wore off, though, and the immigrant community and geography of the mid-Western plains became for Cather personal touchstones and professional signatures. Her ancestors had cultivated the lush land since the late eighteenth century, so it was a shock when her family left their prosperous farm and moved to wind-swept Red Cloud, Nebraska. Inspired by her own childhood spent on the prairies of Nebraska, Cather began writing her first Nebraska stories after essayist, fiction writer, and acquaintance Sara Orne Jewett advised her in a letter in 1908 to "find your own quiet center of life and write from that." Until she was nine years old, Cather lived near the town of Winchester, Virginia, in the Shenandoah Valley.
Unlike pioneer tales told from the male perspective-including Whitman's poem- O Pioneers! focuses on the powerful connection women have with the land and how that connection affects the settler experience.
The title is taken from Walt Whitman's "Pioneers! O Pioneers!", a poem that, like the book, celebrates the spirit of the American frontier. Willa Cather's 1913 novel, O Pioneers!, breathes new life into the American dream narrative using the landscape of the wild Nebraska prairie and a heroic female pioneer to tell a unique American immigrant success story.
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